История исследований религий в Африке: от колониальной науки к ее деколонизации
https://doi.org/10.22394/2073-7203-2022-40-3-7-35
Аннотация
В статье рассматриваются основные направления изучения религиозной истории Африки с конца XVIII до начала XXI века. Выявляются основные этапы исследований и их специфика, описывается вклад наиболее важных и оригинальных авторов. При анализе истории исследований религий африканского континента автор использует трехчастный подход, который ориентируется на предмет изучения: исследования традиционных африканских религий, исследования христианства и исследования ислама. Хотя такой подход является упрощенным, он, тем не менее, лучше всего позволяет представить относительно целостную картину истории различных конфессии в Африке. Автор приходит к выводу, что основной интерес в историографии проявлялся и проявляется к изучению истории христианства на Черном континенте, именно в этой области был достигнут самый значительный прогресс. В последние десятилетия также были достигнуты значительные успехи в изучении традиционных африканских религий. В то же время прогресс в изучении истории ислама в Африке приходится признать довольно скромным, несмотря на ряд важных достижений и расширение исследовательского поля. Автор также делает попытку определить вклад в исследование истории африканских религий не только западных, но и африканских ученых, что особенно важно в связи с интенсификацией споров о необходимости «африканизации» исследований африканских религий. Автор отмечает опасность политизации и идеологизации религиозных исследований на Черном континенте, превращения их в инструмент либо национализма, либо религиозного фундаментализма, что делает особенно актуальным развитие академического диалога между учеными-африканцами и учеными из других стран.
Об авторе
И. Кривушин
Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»;
Центр африканских исследований Института всеобщей истории РАН
Россия
Россия
Иван Кривушин — профессор;
ведущий научный сотрудник
Москва
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Рецензия
Для цитирования:
Кривушин И. История исследований религий в Африке: от колониальной науки к ее деколонизации. Государство, религия, церковь в России и за рубежом. 2022;40(3):7-35. https://doi.org/10.22394/2073-7203-2022-40-3-7-35
For citation:
Krivushin I. The History of Religious Studies in Africa: From Colonial Science to Its Decolonization. State, Religion and Church in Russia and Worldwide. 2022;40(3):7-35. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.22394/2073-7203-2022-40-3-7-35
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