Adapting Islam: The Evolution of Muslim Brotherhood Ideals in European Context
https://doi.org/10.22394/2073-7203-2024-42-2-83-100
Abstract
This paper aims to explore the mechanisms employed by the Muslim Brotherhood, within the framework of Islamic jurisprudence, to rationalize the presence of Muslims in Europe and to provide answers to the problems and issues they face. To achieve this, the article will concentrate on the perspectives of two prominent Islamic jurists from the Muslim Brotherhood milieu, Yusuf al-Qaradawi and Taha Jabir al- Alwani. They played crucial roles in addressing emerging questions surrounding the presence of Muslims in European societies, starting from the permissibility for Muslims to live in Europe to everyday issues and concerns. By examining the Muslim Brotherhood’s stance in the matter of Muslim presence and integration in Europe, the article seeks to provide a deeper understanding of the dynamic interplay between the Muslim Brotherhood and the socio-political landscape of Europe.
About the Authors
H. Barseghyan
Center for Culture and Civilization Studies
Armenia
Armenia
Heghi ne Barseghyan - Research Assistant
Yerevan
H. Kocharyan
Yerevan State University
Armenia
Armenia
Hayk Kocharyan - Associated Professor
Yerevan
References
1. Al-Qurān al-Karīm
2. Al-Banna, Ḥ. (1984) Majmūʿat al-Rasāil. al-Maktaba al-Tawfīqiyya.
3. Al-ʿAlwāni, Ṭ. J. (1999) Madxal ila Fiqh al-Aqalliyyāt. Naẓarāt Taʾasīsiyya [https://citj.org/
4. index.php/citj/article/view/1775].
5. Al-Qaraḍāwi, Yū. (2000) Awlawiyyāt al-Ḥaraka al-Islāmiyya. Lubnān: Dār al-Risāla.
6. Al-Qaraḍāwi, Yū. (2001) Fī Fiqh al-Aqalliyyāt al-Muslima. al-Qāhira: Dār al-Shurūq.
7. Al-Qaraḍāwi, Yū. (2009) Fiqh al-Jihād, al-Qāhira: Dār al-Wahba.
8. Al-Qaraḍāwi, Yū. (2009) Fiqh al-Wasatiyyah al-Islāmiyya wa al-Tajdīd. Markaz al-
9. Qaraḍāwi li al-Wasatiyyah al-Islāmiyya wa al-Tajdīd.
10. Al-Qaradawi, Yu. (1995) MAYA Conference, Toledo, Ohio [https://www.investigativeproject.org/profile/167/yusuf-al-qaradawi, accessed on 20.02.2023].
11. Calvert, J. (2013) “Wayward Son: The Muslim Brothers’ Reception of Sayyid Qutb”, in E. Bakker, R. Meijer (eds) The Muslim Brotherhood in Europe, pp. 249–271. Hurst/Columbia University Press.
12. Canard, M. (1991) “Daʿwa”, The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. 2, pp. 168–170. Leiden.
13. Chittick, W. C. (2000) “Taṣawwuf”, The Encyclopaedia of Islam, vol. 10, pp. 313–324. Leiden: Brill.
14. Council of European Muslims (CEM) [https://www.eumuslims.org/en/home/, accessed on 06.04.2024].
15. European Council for Fatwa and Research (ECFR) [https://www.e-cfr.org/en/, accessed on 03.04.2023].
16. Frampton, M. (2018) The Muslim Brotherhood and the West. A History of Enmity and Engagement. Harvard University Press.
17. Kettani, H. (2010) “Muslim Population in Europe. 1950–2020”, International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 1(2).
18. Kocharyan, H. M. (2005) Ummayi kargavichakn u bnoroshumě Ghuranum ev vagh islmakan skzbnaghbyurnerum (The Status and Definition of the Ummah in the Quran and Early Islamic Sources), Dissertation. Yerevan.
19. Leading Sunni Sheikh Yousef al-Qaradhawi and Other Sheikhs Herald the Coming Conquest of Rome. Middle East Media and Research Institute, MEMRI Special Dispatch No. 447 (December 6, 2002) [https://www.memri.org/reports/leading-sunni-sheikh-yousef-al-qaradhawi-and-other-sheikhs-herald-coming-conquest-rome, accessed on 20.02.2023].
20. Maréchal, B. (2008) The Muslim Brothers in Europe. Roots and Discourse. Leiden/Boston. Mitchell, R. P. (1969) The Society of the Muslim Brothers. New York: Oxford University Press.
21. Muslims of Europe Charter, Council of European Muslims, [https://www.eumuslims.org/en/islam-europe, accessed on 22.03.2023].
22. New Muslim Brotherhood Leader: Resistance in Iraq and Palestine is Legitimate; America is Satan, Islam Will Invade America and Europe. MEMRI Special Dispatch No. 655 (February 4, 2004) [https://www.memri.org/reports/new-muslim-brotherhood-leader-resistance-iraq-and-palestine-legitimate-america-satan-islam, accessed on 03.03.2024].
23. Nielsen, J. (2016) Muslims in Western Europe. Edinburgh University Press. Poston, L. (1992) Islamic Da’wah in the West. New York: Oxford University Press. Rich, D., Rubin, B. (ed.) (2010) The Very Model of a British Muslim Brotherhood, The Muslim Brotherhood: The Organization and Policies of a Global Islamist Movement, pp. 117–136. New York.
24. The European Council for Fatwa and Research: Renewed leadership, renewed hopes. The European Council for Fatwa and Research [https://www.e-cfr.org/blog/2018/12/16/european-council-fatwa-research/, accessed on 03.04.2024].
25. Vidino, L. (2006) “Aims and Methods of Europe’s Muslim Brotherhood”, Current Trends in Islamist Ideology. Hudson Institute [https://www.hudson.org/national-security-defense/aims-and-methods-of-europe-s-muslim-brotherhood, accessed on 03.03.2024].
26. Vidino, L., Altuna, S. (2021) The Muslim Brotherhood’s Pan-European Structure. Austrian Fund for the Documentation of Religiously Motivated Political Extremism (Documentation Centre Political Islam.
27. Wickham, C. R. (2013) “What Would Hasan Al-Banna Do?: Modern (Re-)Interpretations of the Brotherhood’s Founding Discourse”, in E. Bakker, R. Meijer (eds) The Muslim Brotherhood in Europe, pp. 240–248. Hurst/Columbia University Press.
Review
For citations:
Barseghyan H., Kocharyan H. Adapting Islam: The Evolution of Muslim Brotherhood Ideals in European Context. State, Religion and Church in Russia and Worldwide. 2024;42(2):83-100. https://doi.org/10.22394/2073-7203-2024-42-2-83-100
Views:
113
Email this article 