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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">religion</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Государство, религия, церковь в России и за рубежом</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>State, Religion and Church in Russia and Worldwide</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7203</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2073-7211</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РАНХиГС</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2073-7203-2024-42-2-101-117</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">religion-7</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>VARIA</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>VARIA</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Религиозный фактор в Американской революции XVIII в. и образовании США</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Religious Factor in the American Revolution and Founding of the USA</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Космач</surname><given-names>П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosmach</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Космач - доцент кафедры истории нового и новейшего времени</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel Kosmach - Associate Professor, Department of History of New and Modern Times</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hist2014@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Белорусский государственный университет<country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Belarusian State University<country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>42</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>101</fpage><lpage>117</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Космач П., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Космач П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kosmach P.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://religion.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/7">https://religion.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/7</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена анализу религиозного фактора в Американской революции XVIII в. и образовании США. На основе широкого круга источников и научной литературы показано сочетание секулярного и протестантского влияния в процессе формирования государственных институтов американского государства. Автор раскрывает роль религиозных элементов в движении североамериканских колоний Великобритании к отделению от метрополии. Подчеркивается значительная роль полемических доводов и исторических примеров, связанных с Библией, в политической мысли США того времени. Как показывает автор, большинство деятелей Американской революции XVIII в. были убеждены, что религия служит основанием для гражданской добродетели, высокий уровень которой необходим для республиканской формы правления. Картина мира, разделявшаяся основателями США, подразумевала теистический источник права и законодательной деятельности. На федеральном уровне разделение церкви и государства, утвержденное Конституцией 1787 г. и Биллем о правах 1789 г., во многом являлось следствием организационной раздробленности американского протестантизма. Сделан вывод о двойственном характере государственности США конца XVIII в., имевшей как светскую, так и религиозную стороны, что получило отражение в символике Большой государственной печати (1782 г.).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to an analysis of the religious factor in the American Revolution and the founding of the USA. Based on a wide range of sources and scholarly literature, the author shows a combination of secular and Protestant influences in the process of institutional formation of the American independent statehood. The author further reveals the significant role of polemical arguments and historical examples related to the Bible in the American political thought of this period. The majority of key actors of the American Revolution of the 18th century were convinced that religion served as the basis for civic virtue necessary for a republican form of government. The worldview shared by the Founding Fathers implied a theistic source of law and legislative process. At the federal level, the separation of church and state established by the 1787 Constitution and the 1789 Bill of Rights was largely a consequence of the organizational fragmentation of American Protestantism. A conclusion is drawn about the dual nature of the US statehood at the end of the 18th century, which combined both secular and religious elements and was reflected in the symbolism of the Great State Seal (1782).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Религия и право</kwd><kwd>история США</kwd><kwd>протестантизм</kwd><kwd>свобода вероисповедания</kwd><kwd>разделение церкви и государства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Religion and law</kwd><kwd>United States history</kwd><kwd>Protestantism</kwd><kwd>freedom of religion</kwd><kwd>separation of church and state</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вуд Г. С. Идея Америки. Размышления о рождении США. М.: Изд. «Весь Мир», 2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Вуд Г. С. Идея Америки. Размышления о рождении США. 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