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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">religion</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Государство, религия, церковь в России и за рубежом</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>State, Religion and Church in Russia and Worldwide</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7203</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2073-7211</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РАНХиГС</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2073-7203-2020-38-4-67-91</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">QYHEVH</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">religion-391</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Биоэтика и культурные войны</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bioethics and the Culture Wars</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Илтис</surname><given-names>Ана</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iltis</surname><given-names>Ana S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">iltisas@wfu.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Университет Уэйк Форест<country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Wake Forest University<country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>38</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>67</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Илтис А.S., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Илтис А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Iltis A.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://religion.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/391">https://religion.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/391</self-uri><abstract><p>Термин «культурные войны» используется для описания глубоких, казалось бы, неразрешимых разногласий между группами на протяжении многих лет. В современном дискурсе данное понятие отсылает к полемике в отношении важных моральных вопросов, которые обсуждаются в публичном пространстве и в отношении которых, как представляется, нет никакого способа достичь консенсуса или компромисса. Одно из противостояний касается столкновения между теми, кто придерживается традиционных христианских убеждений, и неверующими. Христианская биоэтика опирается на совокупность метафизических и моральных представлений, которые входят в противоречие с доминирующей секулярной культурой. В результате возникает разрыв между подходом к моральной жизни и к биоэтике, сформированном перед лицом трансцендентного Бога и последнего суда, и подходом к биоэтике, который определяется тем, что мир не имеет высшего смысла, а смерть является концом личного бытия. Эти подходы разделены моральной и метафизической пропастью, которая указывает на несовместимые жизненные миры и несовместимые понимания биоэтики. Попытки преодолеть эту пропасть усилиями секулярного разума безрезультатны, поскольку не существует общего понимания разума или правил доказательства. Попытки использовать государство для навязывания определенных метафизических и моральных убеждений, секулярных или религиозных, приводят к публичным дискуссиям, похожим на войну.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The term “culture wars” has been used to describe deep, apparently intractable, disagreements between groups for many years. In contemporary discourse, it refers to disputes regarding significant moral matters carried out in the public square and for which there appears to be no way to achieve consensus or compromise. One set of battle lines is drawn between those who hold traditional Christian commitments and those who do not. Christian bioethics is nested in a set of moral and metaphysical understandings that collide with those of the dominant secular culture. The result is a gulf between a moral life and an approach to bioethics framed in the face of a transcendent God and a final judgment versus a moral life and an approach to bioethics framed as if the world were without ultimate meaning and as if death were the end of personal existence. These approaches are separated by a moral and metaphysical gulf that sustains incompatible life worlds and incompatible understandings of bioethics. Attempts to bridge the gulf with secular reason are ineffective because there is no shared conception of reason or standard of evidence. Efforts to use the state to enforce a particular set of metaphysical and moral commitments, whether secular or religious, lead to public disputes with a war-like character.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>культурные войны</kwd><kwd>государственная политика</kwd><kwd>религиозная биоэтика</kwd><kwd>светская биоэтика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>culture wars</kwd><kwd>state policy</kwd><kwd>religious bioethics</kwd><kwd>secular bioethics</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Источник: Iltis, Ana S. (2011) “Bioethics and Cultural Wars”, Christian Bioethics 17(1):  9–24. doi:10.1093/cb/cbr006. Перевод и публикация текста статьи осуществлены  на основании эксклюзивного разрешения, предоставленного приглашенному редактору специального выпуска Н.П. Шок редакционной коллегией журнала Christian Bioethics (Oxford University Press). Перевод подготовлен Н.П. Шок при технической поддержке Е.А. 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