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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">religion</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Государство, религия, церковь в России и за рубежом</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>State, Religion and Church in Russia and Worldwide</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7203</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2073-7211</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РАНХиГС</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2073-7203-2024-42-1-268-291</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">religion-39</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>VARIA</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>VARIA</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Радикально новый взгляд на Павла», или «Павел в рамках иудаизма»: истоки, влияния, идеи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Radical New Perspective on Paul, or Paul within Judaism: Origins, Influences, Ideas</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попков</surname><given-names>Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popkov</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Роман Попков – доцент</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman Popkov — Associate Professor</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">r-popkov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Университет ИТМО<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">ITMO University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>42</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>268</fpage><lpage>291</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попков Р., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попков Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popkov R.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://religion.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/39">https://religion.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/39</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются реконструкции взглядов Павла на Закон, отношения между евреями и язычниками, искупление. Эти реконструкции были сделаны членами движения «Радикально новый взгляд на Павла / Павел в рамках иудаизма» (The radical new perspective on Paul / Paul within Judaism) в конце XX — начале XXI века. Данное движение берет свое начало в новых взглядах на иудаизм эпохи Второго Храма. Базис «Радикально нового взгляда на Павла» включает следующие положения: Павел оставался полноценным евреем, даже будучи последователем Иисуса; Павел также оставался соблюдающим Тору; Павел писал свои послания неевреям и адресовал свое Евангелие о еврейском Мессии язычникам; Павел воспринимал человечество как состоящее из двух частей: евреев и неевреев, даже если они объединены в Мессии; Павел также жил в состоянии эсхатологической напряженности, когда последние времена и мессианская эпоха наступят в ближайшем будущем. При этом Павел считал себя причастным к событиям, которые приведут к спасению всего мира. Еврейское происхождение и идентичность Павла — это неотъемлемый элемент его самопонимания как апостола Христа для язычников. Он специально занимается проблемой язычников. Дебаты Павла о язычниках и обрезании можно понять как внутренние еврейские дебаты о том, как включить неевреев в еврейские собрания. Всякий раз, когда Павел говорит что-то негативное о Законе, это всегда касается отношения язычников к Закону, а не евреев. Павел предлагает способ сохранить особенности своей этнической и религиозной идентичности, не отрицая этническую и религиозную идентичность других. Радикальный Павел проповедует более радикальную форму иудаизма для язычников, чем когда-либо предлагали синагоги диаспоры. Ученые, придерживающиеся рассматриваемой точки зрения, рассматривают тексты не на фоне иудаизма Второго Храма, а как тексты иудаизма Второго Храма.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article deals with reconstructions of Paul’s views on the Law, Jewish-Gentile relations, and redemption. These reconstructions were made by members of The Radical New Persepective on Paul /Paul within Judaism movement from the late 20th to the beginning of the 21st century. This movement has its origins in new perspectives on Second Temple Judaism. The radical new perspective on Paul argues the following characteristics in its construction of Paul: Paul remained fully Jewish even as a follower of Jesus; Paul remained Torah-observant; Paul writes to non-Jews and addresses his Gospel about a Jewish Messiah to Gentiles; Paul perceived humanity as consisting of two parts: Jews and non-Jews, even when united in the Messiah; Paul lived in a state of eschatological urgency with the end times and messianic age coming soon. Paul indeed sees himself as being involved in events that will lead to the salvation of the whole world. Paul’s Jewish ancestry and identity is a constitutive element of his self-understanding as apostle of Christ to the Gentiles. He is specifically occupied with the Gentile problem. Paul’s debates about Gentiles and circumcision can be understood as inhouse Jewish debates about how to include Gentile outsiders in Jewish assemblies. Whenever Paul says anything negative about the Law, it is always about Gentile's relationship to the Law, not Jews’. Paul provides a way to maintain the particularity of his ethnic and religious identity without denying the ethnic and religious identity of others. Paul preaches a much more radical form of Judaism for Gentiles than diaspora synagogues ever requested, much less required. The scholars adhering to this perspective consider that Paul’s texts are not in the background of the Second Temple Judaism but as texts of the Second Temple Judaism.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>библеистика</kwd><kwd>раннее христианство</kwd><kwd>Новый Завет</kwd><kwd>Павел</kwd><kwd>Закон</kwd><kwd>Тора</kwd><kwd>Израиль</kwd><kwd>иудаизм Второго Храма</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Biblical studies</kwd><kwd>early Christianity</kwd><kwd>New Testament</kwd><kwd>Paul</kwd><kwd>law</kwd><kwd>Torah</kwd><kwd>Israel</kwd><kwd>Second Temple Judaism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волчков А. Раннехристианская община в античном полисе. М., 2019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Волчков А. Раннехристианская община в античном полисе. 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