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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">religion</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Государство, религия, церковь в России и за рубежом</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>State, Religion and Church in Russia and Worldwide</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7203</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2073-7211</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РАНХиГС</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2073-7203-2022-40-4-50-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">religion-154</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЛАВНАЯ ТЕМА: РЕЛИГИЯ И РОЖДАЕМОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THE THEME OF THE ISSUE: RELIGION AND FERTILITY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Рождаемость среди мусульман в современном мире: тенденции и ключевые факторы (обзор исследований и case study)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fertility among Muslims in Today’s World: Key Tendencies and Factors (Overview of Studies and a Case Study)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казенин</surname><given-names>К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazenin</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Константин Казенин — директор;</p><p>старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin Kazenin — Director of the Center for Regional Studies and Urbanism of the Institute of Applied Economic Research;</p><p>Senior Researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">konstantinkazenin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Центр региональных исследований и урбанистики Института прикладных экономических исследований РАНХиГС;&#13;
ИЭП имени Е. Т. Гайдара<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">RANEPA;&#13;
Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>40</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Казенин К., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Казенин К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kazenin K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://religion.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/154">https://religion.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/154</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена влиянию религиозных факторов на рождаемость среди мусульманского населения разных регионов мира на современном этапе. В первом разделе описаны основные тенденции рождаемости в странах с преобладанием мусульманского населения во второй половине XX — начале XXI в. Показано, что, хотя рождаемость в этих странах в указанный период значительно снижалась, в большинстве стран она не достигла низких уровней, характерных для стран Европы и Северной Америки на рубеже веков. Далее предлагается обзор исследований по рождаемости среди мусульманского населения. Основное внимание уделяется исследованиям, которые анализируют рождаемость с точки зрения трех основных гипотез о влиянии религии на репродуктивное поведение — гипотезы норм, гипотезы характеристики и гипотезы меньшинств. Рассмотренные исследования, в частности, показывают, что нормы ислама как таковые не являются фактором, повышающим рождаемость. Однако в сообществах, отличающихся жестким следованием тому или иному варианту религиозной идеологии, рождаемость нередко выше, чем в других сегментах социума. С другой стороны, «традиционность» семейного уклада в ряде случаев объясняет относительно более высокую рождаемость среди мусульман, однако связь «традиционности» с более высокой рождаемостью наблюдается и у представителей других религий. Во втором разделе предлагается casestudy факторов рождаемости в одном из регионов РФ, в котором преобладает мусульманское население, — Карачаево-Черкесской республике. На базе проведенного в этом регионе в 2018 г. количественного опроса женщин проведен статистический анализ, показывающий, что личная религиозность женщины коррелирует с более высокой рождаемостью. Рассматривается и роль иных факторов, значимость которых для рождаемости среди мусульман была подтверждена для других стран или регионов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper considers the impact of religion on birth rates among Muslim communities of today’s world. The first section contains a brief overview of fertility trends in countries where Muslims constituted the majority by the early twenty-first century. It is shown that, despite a significant de‑ crease of fertility in those countries, in most of them it has not reached the low levels observed in Europe and North America. Then an overview of studies on fertility among Muslims is offered. These studies mainly consider three hypotheses about the impact of religion upon fertility: the “characteristics hypothesis,” the “norms hypothesis” and the “minorities hypothesis.” Most of these studies show that Islamic norms by themselves are not a factor of higher fertility. Nevertheless, birth rate can be higher in communities where some form of religious ideology plays an important role. At the same time, higher fertility of Muslims is often explained by “traditionalism” in family organization. However, this factor of “family traditionalism” is also valid for other religions. The second section of the paper is a casestudy of a Russian region with a Muslim majority, the Republic of Karachay-Cherkesia. The analysis of a survey conducted in 2018 shows that higher fertility is associated with some parameters of personal religiosity of women. The survey results are compared with other studies of Muslims in different parts of the world.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рождаемость</kwd><kwd>ислам</kwd><kwd>планирование семьи</kwd><kwd>аборты</kwd><kwd>гендерные отношения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fertility</kwd><kwd>Islam</kwd><kwd>family planning</kwd><kwd>abortion</kwd><kwd>gender relations</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Статья отражает результаты исследований, выполненных в рамках НИР государственного задания РАНХиГС.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белозеров С.В. Этническая карта Северного Кавказа. М.: О. Г.И., 2005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Белозеров С.В. Этническая карта Северного Кавказа. М.: О. 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