religionГосударство, религия, церковь в России и за рубежомState, Religion and Church in Russia and Worldwide2073-72032073-7211РАНХиГС10.22394/2073-7203-2022-40-3-59-83religion-136Research ArticleГЛАВНАЯ ТЕМА: РЕЛИГИЯ В МЕНЯЮЩЕЙСЯ АФРИКЕ: ИСТОРИЯ И СОВРЕМЕННОСТЬTHE THEME OF THE ISSUE: RELIGION IN CHANGING AFRICA: HISTORY AND CURRENT DEVELOPMENTSПротестантские миссионеры и британская колонизация Западной Африки в конце XVIII — начале XIX в.Protestant Missionaries and the British Colonization of West Africa in the Late 18th — Early 19th CenturiesКовалевИ.KovalevI.

Игорь Ковалев — профессор

Москва

Igor Kovalev — Professor

Moscow

ikovalev@hse.ruНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»РоссияHSE UniversityRussian Federation2022210220254035983Copyright © Ковалев И., 20252025Ковалев И.Kovalev I.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://religion.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/136

В статье анализируются причины радикальной трансформации британской политики в отношении Западной Африки, приведшие к отказу от сохранявшейся на протяжении длительного периода времени ставки на получение сверхприбылей от работорговли, и постепенному формированию в регионе традиционных колониальных владений. Прослеживается роль протестантских проповедников в формировании и распространении концепций о цивилизаторской миссии и необходимости христианизации населения Африки. Проводится сопоставление политики Великобритании в данном регионе с интересами и действиями других европейских колонизаторов, прежде всего французов. Определяется значение участия британских миссионеров в изучении территории Западной Африки, а также в продвижении европейцев вглубь континента и освоения новых земель. Оценивается их вклад в создание и развитие системы школьного образования в регионе. Прослеживается связь этой деятельности с задачей колонизации Западной Африки и извлечения максимальной экономической выгоды из этого процесса. Основой для данного исследования стали такие первичные источники, как программные работы и публикации английских миссионеров, отчеты различных британских протестантских обществ об их деятельности в исследуемом регионе, правительственные и парламентские документы, статистические данные, материалы прессы соответствующего периода. Также были использованы научные статьи и монографии отечественных и зарубежных исследователей, в которых затрагивалась проблематика роли протестантских миссионеров в колонизации Англией Западной Африки в конце XVIII — начале XIX в.

The article analyzes the reasons for the radical transformation of British policy towards West Africa, which led to the rejection of the longstanding bet on obtaining superprofits from the slave trade and the gradual formation of traditional colonial possessions in the region. The author shows the role of Protestant preachers in the formation and dissemination of concepts about the civilizing mission and the need for Christianization. The article compares the policy of Great Britain with that of other European powers, primarily France. It shows the role of British missionaries in the study of West African territories and the promotion of the European exploration of the new lands and the development of the school education system. The authors show how these efforts were connected with the goals of extracting economic benefits from the colonies. The article draws upon a variety of primary sources, as well as upon academic publications about the role of Protestant missionaries in the colonization process.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.