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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">religion</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Государство, религия, церковь в России и за рубежом</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>State, Religion and Church in Russia and Worldwide</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7203</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2073-7211</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РАНХиГС</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2073-7203-2022-40-1-12-37</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">religion-108</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЛАВНАЯ ТЕМА: МУЧЕНИЧЕСТВО: ИДЕЯ, КУЛЬТ, ТЕОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THE THEME OF THE ISSUE: MARTYRDOM: IDEA, CULT, THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Я не признаю власти века сего»: мученики и Римская империя</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>“I Do Not Recognize the Empire of This World”: Martyrs and the Roman Empire</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пантелеев</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panteleev</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Пантелеев — доцент Института истории</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey Panteleev — Associate Professor, Institute of History</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.panteleev@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>40</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пантелеев А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пантелеев А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Panteleev A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://religion.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/108">https://religion.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/108</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются данные ранней агиографической традиции об отношении христиан к Риму. Для самих мучеников вряд ли имело значение что-то, кроме Царства Божьего, однако мотив их противостояния римлянам мог привлекать внимание авторов и редакторов мученичеств. В сохранившихся текстах нет ни прямых обвинений христиан в заговорах, ни явных проявлений политической нелояльности, однако некоторые содержащиеся в них идеи позволяют понять беспокойство римлян. Прежде всего это отношение христиан к культу императора: отказ мучеников почтить его ставил их вне закона, превращая в изменников и в угрозу для государства. Они противопоставляли вечное царство Бога и временную власть цезаря. Затем римляне столкнулись с тем, что римская идентичность у мучеников замещалась христианской: они считали себя гражданами не Рима, а Царства Божьего. Христиане указывали, что император поставлен Богом, а стало быть, его [Бога] указания и заповеди обладают большей важностью. Казнь мучеников, которая должна была их унизить, превращалась в торжество верующих, что нарушало установленный ритуал поддержания римского порядка. Осужденный христианин нарушал привычное течение событий, он приветствовал пытки, радовался смерти и руководил своей казнью. Наконец, тексты мученичеств типологически схожи с acta Alexandrinorum, записями о суде и казни язычников, критиковавших Рим. Наблюдая за эволюцией образа магистратов, мы видим, как постепенно столкновение мученика и всего римского порядка превращается в конфликт добродетельного христианина и злобного наместника провинции, таким образом снимая ответственность за гонения с императора.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the evidences of the early hagiographic tradition about the attitude of Christians to Rome. For the martyrs themselves, who were striving for death, the opposition to the Romans did not matter, but this topic could attract the attention of the authors and editors of the acta and passions. The surviving texts do not directly accuse Christians of conspiracy, nor are there obvious manifestations of their political disloyalty, but some of the ideas contained in them make it possible to understand the concerns of the Romans. First of all, this is the attitude of Christians to the Cult of the Emperor: the refusal of the martyrs to celebrate it put them outside the law, turning them into traitors and a threat to the State. They opposed the eternal Kingdom of God and the temporary power of Caesars. The Roman identity was replaced by the Christian one: martyrs considered themselves as citizens not of Rome, but of the Kingdom of God. Christians pointed out that the Emperor was ordained by God, which means that His instructions and commandments were more important. The execution of the martyrs, which was supposed to humiliate them, turned into a celebration of faith, which violated the established ritual of maintaining Roman order. The convicted Christian disturbed the usual course of events, he welcomed torture, rejoiced in death and supervised his own execution. Finally, the texts of the martyrdom are typologically similar to Acta Alexandrinorum, records of the trial and execution of pagans who criticized Rome. Observing the evolution of the image of Roman magistrates, we see how gradually the clash of the martyr and the entire Roman order turned into a conflict between a virtuous Christian and an evil governor of the province, thus removing the responsibility for the persecution from the Emperor.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>раннее христианство</kwd><kwd>Римская империя</kwd><kwd>агиография</kwd><kwd>мученичество</kwd><kwd>преследования</kwd><kwd>культ императора</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Early Christianity</kwd><kwd>Roman Empire</kwd><kwd>hagiography</kwd><kwd>martyrdom</kwd><kwd>persecution</kwd><kwd>Cult of the Emperor</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 21–011–44180.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каргальцев А. 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